arXiv：cs.CL· Hanwen Li, Jinhao Duan, Guanhua Zhu, Junchi Lu, Bo Shen, Chenxi Yuan, Kaidi Xu·· 3 小时前AI 评分46
从不确定性到行动：学习引导 LLM 智能体
From Uncertainty to Action: Learning to Steer LLM Agents
AI 导读
研究者提出轨迹级监控器 VoS（Value of Steering），从包含约 82,000 条反事实延续、覆盖 1,864 条轨迹的逐步结果表（SOT）中学习每步引导价值，决定在何处引导 LLM 智能体。
正文
Abstract:Steering an LLM agent means deciding whether to correct it, at which step, and with which mechanism. Uncertainty is often used to decide when to correct an agent, but whether it can guide these decisions remains unclear. We steer agent trajectories separately at every non-terminal step with each of four mechanisms and run each continuation to completion. The resulting stepwise outcome table (SOT) holds about 82,000 counterfactual continuations of 1,864 trajectories from three benchmarks and two agents. It shows that uncertainty can identify failing trajectories, but that no single signal reliably locates the step at which steering helps. We therefore propose VoS (Value of Steering), a trajectory-level monitor, offline or online, that learns from SOT the value of steering at each step and decides where to steer by it. A harm-budgeted trigger decides whether to steer, limiting the fraction of successful trajectories that VoS disturbs. VoS improves on unmodified execution in all 12 settings of benchmark, agent, and offline or online use, by 7.8 points on average, and outperforms the strongest of five existing uncertainty-triggered methods in 11, by 2.9 points on average. Ablations show that training on measured outcomes and a tight harm budget are both essential.
| Comments: | 22 pages, 9 figures, 9 tables |
| Subjects: | Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computation and Language (cs.CL); Machine Learning (cs.LG) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2610.09115 [cs.AI] |
| (or arXiv:2610.09115v1 [cs.AI] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.09115 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) |
Submission history
From: Hanwen Li [view email]
[v1]
Tue, 6 Oct 2026 21:05:50 UTC (466 KB)
来源：arXiv：cs.CL · arxiv.org