arXiv：cs.CL· Ismael T. Freire, Marceau Nahon, Maud van Lier, Katie Evans, H\'elie Bazin, Michele Farisco, Kathinka Evers, Raja Chatila, Mehdi Khamassi·· 4 小时前AI 评分32
大语言模型时代的拟人化：潜在风险与缓解措施综述
Anthropomorphism in the age of Large Language Models: An overview of potential risks and mitigations
AI 导读
一篇综述论文系统梳理了 AI 拟人化研究，提出将 21 项风险归入认知、情感、人类能动性、规范、社会与制度五大类别的概念分类法。论文分析了语言框架如何影响拟人化感知，并将这些风险与设计、传播、教育和治理领域的干预措施相对应。作者主张，理解 AI 系统需要基于其组织结构和已展示能力的概念与理论。
正文
Abstract:Large Language Models (LLMs) and more broadly Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are often described and understood in human-like terms, a phenomenon known as anthropomorphism. This paper provides a synthesis of recent literature on anthropomorphism in AI, covering theoretical frameworks, the role of language in framing AI as human-like, the various risks of anthropomorphizing machines, and strategies to mitigate these issues. After examining why we tend to anthropomorphize AI systems and whether we are right to do so, we highlight the impact of linguistic framing on anthropomorphism. Then, we introduce a conceptual taxonomy of risks associated with AI anthropomorphism. This taxonomy groups twenty-one concerns within five analytical categories: epistemic, affective, human agency, normative, and societal and institutional risks. Finally, we relate these concerns to proposed interventions in design, communication, education, and governance. We argue that a better understanding of AI systems requires concepts and theories grounded in their organization and demonstrated capacities. The linguistic shaping of anthropomorphic perceptions should form part of this scientific effort, since our descriptions influence both how these systems are understood and the roles we allow them to occupy in society.
| Comments: | 35 pages, 1 box, 1 figure |
| Subjects: | Computers and Society (cs.CY); Computation and Language (cs.CL); Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2609.38486 [cs.CY] |
| (or arXiv:2609.38486v2 [cs.CY] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.38486 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite |
Submission history
From: Ismael Tito Freire González [view email]
[v1]
Tue, 29 Sep 2026 20:15:01 UTC (106 KB)
[v2]
Thu, 1 Oct 2026 22:01:44 UTC (106 KB)
来源：arXiv：cs.CL · arxiv.org